Ceto

Yadda Aka Cece Mu?

Amsa a takaice cikin yardar Allah ce, amma akwai ƙari, i mana, ciki har da Yesu’ sadaukarwa, imaninmu, da ayyukanmu.

Akwai gardama da ke gudana game da ko mutum zai iya samun ceto ta wurin bangaskiya kaɗai ko kuma idan bangaskiya ta kasance tare da ayyuka. A wata ma'ana, tattaunawar ta ta'allaka ne akan ko zai yiwu a sami imani ba tare da nuna shi ba (a cikin ayyukan da ke nuna ƙaunar Allah da sauran mutane).

Coci yana koyarwa:

“Baratarmu ta zo ne daga alherin Allah. Alheri alheri ne, taimakon kyauta da rashin cancanta da Allah ya bamu domin amsa kiransa na zama ‘ya’yan Allah, 'ya'yan riko, masu tarayya da dabi'ar allahntaka da rai na har abada”

–Daga Catechism na Cocin Katolika 1996; tare da ambaton John 1:12-18; 17:3; Bulus Wasika zuwa ga Romawa 8:14-17; da Bitrus Wasika ta Biyu, 1:3-4.

Kiristoci sun yi imani da wajibcin alherin Allah don ceto, amma akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da abin da hakan ke nufi.

Katolika sun gaskata cewa alherin Allah yana da amfani. Ba wai kawai ya rufe zunubinmu ba, amma da gaske yana canza mu kuma yana sa mu tsarkaka.

Bugu da kari, Katolika sun gaskata cewa ta wurin karɓar kyautar alherin Allah, an kira mu da mu ba da hadin kai. Don haka, za mu iya taka rawar gani a cetonmu-amma rawar da ta dogara ga alherin Allah; ba za mu iya ceton kanmu ba.

Katolika kuma sun yi imani da cewa ceto ba abu ne na lokaci daya ba, sai dai tsari ne wanda yawanci ke faruwa a tsawon rayuwar mutum.

Asalin Zunubi

Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa muke buƙatar samun ceto, muna bukatar mu fahimci tushen faɗuwar dabi'unmu, i.e, asali zunubi.

Zunubi na asali yana nufin zunubin Adamu da Hauwa'u da cin 'ya'yan itacen da aka haramta. Mutum na iya kallonsa a matsayin zunubin girman kai–sha'awar ba bauta wa Mahalicci ba amma mu zama kamarsa, su kasance daidai da Shi (duba Littafin Farawa, 3:5).

 

Laifi da sakamakon zunubin Adamu da Hauwa'u an ba su ga dukan ’yan Adam (gani Farawa 3:16-19). Kamar yadda Saint Paul ya rubuta, “Zunubi ya shigo duniya ta wurin mutum ɗaya, mutuwa kuwa ta wurin zunubi, ta haka ne mutuwa ta bazu ga dukan mutane domin dukan mutane sun yi zunubi.” (Dubi nasa Wasika zuwa ga Romawa 5:12, kuma nasa Wasika ta Farko zuwa ga Korintiyawa, 15:21-23).

Mutumin da yake a wani lokaci fiyayyen halitta na Allah, ya tsinci kansa cikin rashin kunya, ba zai iya maido da abota da Mahaliccinsa wanda rashin biyayya ya yanke. (Ee, Allah ya dauwama.)

Fansa (ta hanyar gicciye da tashin matattu)

Duk da haka, cikin jinƙansa marar iyaka Allah ya yi alkawari zai aiko da Ɗansa cikin siffar mutum domin ya fanshi ƴaƴansa da suka ɓace–su mutu domin zunubansu (duba Farawa 3:15). Kamar yadda Saint John ya rubuta, “Gama Allah ya yi ƙaunar duniya har ya ba da makaɗaicin Ɗansa, domin duk wanda ya gaskata da shi kada ya lalace, amma ya sami rai madawwami.. Domin Allah ya aiko Ɗan cikin duniya, ba don hukunta duniya ba, amma domin duniya ta sami ceto ta wurinsa.” (Duba cikin Bisharar Yahaya 3:16-17, da John Wasikar Farko 4:9-10.)

Bi da bi, Dan Allah, wanda ya kasance cikakke-Allah kuma cikakken mutum, zai ba da kansa kyauta a matsayin hadaya ga Allah, gyara ƙin mutum tare da cikakkiyar biyayya kamar yadda Bulus ya ambata a cikin nasa Wasika zuwa ga Romawa 5:15, Kolosiyawa (1:19-20), kuma Ibraniyawa 2:9.

Don yin tasiri cikin jiki yana buƙatar zama na gaske; haka, Ɗan yana bukatar ya ɗauki halin ɗan adam da gaske, ya zama Emmanuel, "Allah tare da mu" (gani Matiyu 1:23, John 1:14, da John Wasikar Farko, 4:2-3). Da ya zama kamar mutum ne kawai, kamar yadda wasu suka kiyaye, Hadayarsa a madadinmu da gaske ne, i.e, da ba zai yi asarar komai ba, amma a matsayin mutum, ya rasa ransa.

Gicciye

Don haka, Yesu’ giciye kuma mutuwa ta zama paradox na duk abin da ke faruwa. Mutuwarsa ita ce mutuwar Mahaliccin Rai, mutuwar Allah.¹ (Don ƙarin bayani kan gicciye, don Allah ziyarci wannan shafi.)

Domin an kebe gicciye ga mafi girman mugayen masu laifi, tunanin bauta wa wanda ya mutu ta wannan hanyar zai zama abin kunya ga yawancin mutanen zamaninsa. “Muna wa'azin Almasihu gicciye,” ya bayyana Saint Paul a cikin wasiƙarsa ta farko zuwa ga Korintiyawa (1:23), “Abin tuntuɓe ga Yahudawa da wauta ga al'ummai.”

 

Duk da haka, Ga Kiristoci, giciye alamar nasara ce—nasarar adalci bisa zunubi da rai bisa mutuwa (gani Bisharar Luka, 9:23; Saint Paul's Wasika ta Farko zuwa ga Korintiyawa, 1:18; kuma nasa Wasika zuwa ga Galatiyawa, 6:14; Kolosiyawa, 1:24; kuma Ibraniyawa, 13:13).²

Lura, kuma, cewa an yi annabcin gicciye kuma an kwatanta shi a cikin shafukan Tsohon Alkawali, inda annabi Ishaya ya rubuta, “Hakika ya ɗauki baƙin cikinmu, ya ɗauki baƙin cikinmu; Amma duk da haka muka ɗauke shi a ɗaure, Allah ya buge shi, da wahala. Amma an yi masa rauni saboda laifofinmu, An ƙuje shi saboda laifofinmu; a kansa akwai azabar da ta cika mu, kuma da raunukansa muka warke” (gani Ishaya, 53:4-5 kuma 52:14 kuma Zabura, 22:14-18). A gaskiya, Yesu ya faɗi maganar 22^nd Zabura daga giciye, karanta layin budewa, “Allah na, Allah na, Me ya sa ka yashe ni?” in Matiyu 27:46. Zabura ta 18^th aya, “Suna rarraba tufafina a cikinsu, Suka jefa kuri'a saboda tufafina,” yayi daidai kai tsaye da abubuwan da suka faru na gicciye kuma an kawo su a cikin Bisharar Yahaya 19:23-24. Fitowa 12:46 kuma Zakariyya 12:10 ana ambaton haka (gani John 19:36-37).]

Mun ga hadayar Kristi da aka siffata cikin surar Ishaku yana tafiya cikin aminci da itacen hadayarsa a bayansa. (gani Farawa 22:6; duba kuma Saint Clement na Iskandariya, Malamin Yara 1:5:23:1). An kwatanta mutuwar Kristi mai daraja a cikin macijin tagulla da aka dora a kan sanda, wanda Ubangiji ya umarci Musa ya yi, domin waɗanda macizai suka sare su su dubo shi su rayu (duba da Littafin Lissafi, 21:8-9, kuma John 3:14-15).

Tashin Kiyama

Nuna cikakken ikonsa akan mutuwa, Almasihu Yesu ya dawo daga kabari a rana ta uku. Kamar yadda mutuwarsa hujja ce ta mutuntakarsa, Tashinsa daga matattu shaida ce ta Allahntakarsa (gani Matiyu, 12:38 kuma 27:62 kuma John 2:19, da sauransu.).

Mutuwarsa ce fansar mu; Tashinsa, tabbacin mu ma za mu sake tashi (duba Bulus Wasika zuwa ga Romawa 8:11; nasa Wasika ta biyu zuwa ga Korintiyawa, 5:15; kuma Wasikar Farko na Bitrus, 1:3-4). Kamar yadda Saint Paul ya rubuta a cikin nasa Wasika ta Farko zuwa ga Korintiyawa 15:14, "Idan ba a ta da Almasihu ba, to, wa'azinmu banza ne, bangaskiyarku kuma a banza ce."

Shaidar Ido

Shaidu na farko na Kiristanci ga Almasihu daga matattu mata ne, musamman Saint Mary Magdalene (ga Matiyu 28:1, misali). Cewa farkon shaidar tashin kiyama, Imani na asali gaskiya, da aka ba mata yana da matukar muhimmanci. A lokacin, shedar mata tayi kadan (Luka 24:10-11), Yana tsaye ga dalilin da ya sa qiyama ƙirƙira ce, to da an gina shi domin Yesu ya fara bayyana ga mutum, watakila ga Saint Peter ko daya daga cikin Manzanni - ga wani, wato, wanda shaidarsa ta ɗauki mafi nauyi maimakon ƙarami.

Rahamar Allah

Amfanin mutuwar ceton Kristi ana amfani da su ga mutum ta wurin alherin Allah kawai (duba wasiƙar Bulus zuwa ga Romawa, 3:24), amma ta yaya aka sami wannan ceto?

Yana da ma'ana cewa mutanen da suka fadi–mu–ba su iya kusantarSa a cikin wannan hali. , Dole ne ya fara ƙarfafa mu da baiwar bangaskiya, wanda sai ya ba mu damar bauta masa (duba wasiƙar Yohanna ta farko, 4:19).

A haka, ceto, baiwar Allah ce ga mutum kamar yadda ba zai yuwu mu cancanci ko mu samu da kanmu ba; duba Bisharar Yohanna 6:44, ko kuma wasiƙar farko da Bulus ya rubuta zuwa ga Korintiyawa,12:3, ko kuma wasiƙarsa zuwa ga Filimon, 2:13.

Bayan ya kira shi, da sanin cewa mu ba kamiltattu ba ne ko kuma a koyaushe muna aiki daidai da shi, dole ne mu amsa da tuba, ko gane kurakuranmu, da aikin tsarkakewa na Baftisma. Kamar yadda Saint Peter ya rubuta, “Ku tuba, kuma a yi muku baftisma kowane ɗayanku cikin sunan Yesu Kiristi domin gafarar zunubanku, za ku sami baiwar Ruhu Mai Tsarki.” (Dubi Ayyukan Manzanni, 2:38, da Mark 16:16).

Don haka, Baftisma ba aikin alama ba ne kawai, amma sacrament wanda ke ba da alheri mai tsarkakewa, yana mai da mu gaskiya masu adalci (da wasiƙar farko ta Bitrus, 3:21). Littafi Mai Tsarki ya koyar da cewa dole ne mu kasance “sake haihuwa” ta ruwa Baftisma don shiga sama; duba Bisharar Yohanna 3:5, Wasiƙar Bulus zuwa ga Titus, 3:5; da Ayyukan Manzanni, 8:37.

Bayan an tsarkake a cikin Baftisma, wajibi ne mutum ya daure a cikin tsarki, gama “wanda ya jimre har matuƙa za ya tsira” (ga Matiyu, 10:22). Don haka, Dole ne bangaskiya ta zama cikakke kuma a bayyana ta wurin ayyukan ƙauna, domin “bangaskiya da kanta, idan ba ta da aiki, ya mutu." (Dubi Wasikar Saint James, 2:17, da kuma wasiƙar Bulus zuwa ga Galatiyawa, 5:6.) Ubangiji ya bayyana cewa a Ƙarshe za a ba da ceto ko kuma a hana shi bisa yadda mutum ya yi wa matalauta., mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin 'yan'uwansa (ga Matiyu, 25:34 kuma 7:21-24 kuma 19:16-21; John 14:15; da wasiƙar Yahaya ta farko, 3:21 kuma 5:1-3). Saint James ya rubuta, “Ka ga cewa mutum yana barata ta wurin ayyuka kuma ba ta bangaskiya kadai” (James, 2:24; girmamawa ta kara da mu).

Ayyuka suna magana da ƙarfi fiye da Kalmomi, amma…

Nassi ya kara koyar da cewa nagartar da muka yi a duniya za a sami lada a cikin sama. Ga waɗanda aka tsananta saboda sa Yesu ya ce: “Ku yi murna, ku yi murna, gama ladanku mai-girma ne a sama” a cikin Matta 5:12, da kuma “Ku yi hankali da yin ibadarku a gaban mutane, domin su gani gare ku, domin sa’an nan ba za ku sami lada wurin Ubanku wanda ke cikin Sama ba” a cikin Matta. 6:1; ga Matiyu, 5:46 kuma 6:19-20; Wasiƙun Bulus zuwa ga Korintiyawa (5:10) da Ibraniyawa (6:10); Wasikar Bitrus ta farko (4:8) da kuma Littafin Ru’ya ta Yohanna, 14:13.

Sake, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa cancantar da muke samu ba ta fito ne daga ayyukan da ke ciki da na kansu ba, amma daga aikin ceton Kiristi akan akan akan. Kamar yadda Yesu ya ce, “Ni ne itacen inabin, ku ne rassan. Wanda ya zauna a cikina, kuma ni a cikinsa, Shi ne mai ba da 'ya'ya da yawa, domin ban da ni ba za ku iya yin komai ba.” Dubi Bisharar Yohanna, 15:5, da wasiƙar Bulus zuwa ga Filibiyawa, 4:13.

Wannan (sosai) Fassarar Katolika na Littafi da cikakken fahimtar ceto an tabbatar da su ta hanyar rubuce-rubucen tarihi na Kirista na farko. Misali, Saint Justin shahidi yayi bayani a game da 150 A.D., misali, "Kowane mutum zai sami hukunci na har abada ko lada wanda ayyukansa suka cancanci" (Farkon Uzuri 12). Origen ya rubuta game da 230, “Duk wanda ya mutu a cikin zunubansa, ko da ya yi da'awar ya gaskata da Kristi, bã ya yin ĩmãni da Shi; kuma ko da abin da yake babu ayyuka, ana kiransa bangaskiya, Irin wannan bangaskiya matacciya ce a cikin kanta, kamar yadda muka karanta a cikin wasiƙa mai ɗauke da sunan Yakubu (2:17)” (Sharhi akan John 19:6).

Da Imani Kadai? Ba sosai ba.

Wasu suna ƙoƙari su nuna cewa bangaskiya kaɗai ta isa ceto ta wajen yin misali da wasiƙar Saint Bulus zuwa ga Afisawa, 2:8-9: “Gama ta wurin alheri ne aka cece ku ta wurin bangaskiya; kuma wannan ba aikin ku bane, baiwar Allah ce—ba don ayyuka ba, Kada wani mutum ya yi fahariya.” Duk da haka, ya kamata a karanta wannan jumla a cikin mahallin.

Bulus yana hukunta ruhun da ke bayan ayyukan fiye da ayyukan da kansu, tsauta wa Kiristoci Yahudawa don ɗaukan cewa za su sami ceto ta wurin kiyaye doka. Irin wannan tunanin na shari'a yana kafa dangantakar bawa da ubangiji mai tsauri da Allah, Kamar dai mutum yana iya zuwa gare Shi a Ranar Kiyama kuma ya nemi a biya shi ayyukan da aka yi, rage ceto zuwa wani nau'i na kasuwanci na ruhaniya! Don yaƙar irin wannan tunanin Bulus ya rubuta, “Gama kaciya ba ta da amfani ga wani abu, ko rashin kaciya, amma kiyaye dokokin Allah,” wanda ke nuna a fili ayyuka. Dubi wasiƙar farko da Bulus ya rubuta zuwa ga Korintiyawa, 7:19, da wasiƙunsa zuwa ga Romawa, 13:8-10, da Galatiyawa, 5:6 kuma 6:15.

A cewar Paul, bangaskiyar mutum ita ce a rayu ta hanyar ayyukan sadaka, "Imani yana aiki ta hanyar soyayya" (da Galatiyawa, 5:6). Cewa Bulus ya gaskanta kyawawan ayyuka suna da mahimmanci ga ceto ya bayyana a cikin ayar nan da ke biye da Afisawa 2:9, wanda ya bayyana, “Mu ne aikin sa, halitta cikin Almasihu Yesu domin ayyuka nagari, wanda Allah ya riga ya shirya, cewa mu yi tafiya a cikinsu.”

Bugu da kari, a cikin Wasikarsa zuwa ga Romawa, ya rubuta, “Gama zai sāka wa kowane mutum bisa ga ayyukansa: ga waɗanda ta wurin haƙuri cikin aikin alheri suke neman ɗaukaka da daraja da dawwama, zai ba da rai madawwami; Kuma amma ga waɗanda suka sãɓã wa jũna, kuma bã su bin gaskiya, amma ku yi biyayya da mugunta, Za a yi fushi da hasala. … Ba masu sauraron shari'a ba ne masu adalci a gaban Allah, amma masu aikata shari'a za su sami barata" (duba ayoyi 2:6-9, 13).

Bulus ya kira mabiyan Kristi su tashi sama da matsayin bayi kawai kuma su zama ’ya’yan Allah (ga Romawa, 8:14); su yi biyayya gare Shi ba don wajibi ko tsoro ba, amma saboda soyayya.³ Ayyukan da Kiristoci suke yi, sannan, ba na ma'aikatan da ke aikin albashi ba ne, amma na ƴaƴan da suke kula da kasuwancin Ubansu cikin ƙauna. Don sakaci da kyautatawa, saboda haka, shine kasa son Allah.

Ka yi la'akari da shi ta wannan hanya: Allah ya kyauta, don haka a ƙaunaci Allah kuma mu aikata yadda zai ƙunshi yin sadaka ga wasu. Don haka, biyu “mafi girma” umarni–ka ƙaunaci Allah kuma ka ƙaunaci maƙwabcinka–goyon bayan juna.

‘Imani Kadai’ a cikin Littafi Mai Tsarki?

Abin ban mamaki, ko da yake, kamar yadda muka kawo a sama, wuri guda inda kalmar “imani kadai” ya bayyana a cikin Littafi yana cikin wasiƙar Yakubu, wanda ya bayyana, “Kun ga cewa mutum yana barata ta wurin ayyuka kuma ba ta bangaskiya kadai" (2:24, an kara jaddadawa), wanda, i mana, sabanin abin da wasu za su so ku yi imani.

Ba abin mamaki bane wasu sun yi ƙoƙarin cire Saint James’ Wasika daga Littafi Mai-Tsarki don tallafawa tunaninsu game da ceto.

Imani da Ayyuka

Sa’ad da Bulus ya ambata cewa bangaskiya tana da muhimmanci, ya yi haka ne don jaddada cewa yin daidai bai isa ba. Dole ne a yi shi don dalilai masu kyau. James ya jaddada wajibcin dagewa cikin sadaka. Koyarwarsu ba ta bambanta da juna ba; sun dace.

Ba zai yiwu a raba bangaskiya da ayyuka kamar yadda ayyuka su ne cikar bangaskiya (ga James, 2:22). A gaskiya, da St. James, (2:17), bangaskiya ba tare da ayyuka ba shi da amfani. Za mu yi jayayya, marar ma'ana da wofi.

A takaice, ta hanyar mutuwarsa, Yesu ya gamsu da Allah; Ya biya cikakken farashin mutum don fansa. Ubangiji ya sami wadata marar iyaka fiye da yadda ake buƙata don ceton kowane ɗan adam wanda ya taɓa rayuwa ko zai taɓa rayuwa.; kuma babu abin da ake bukata. Kuma duk da haka a lokaci guda Allah yana gayyatar mutum don ya shiga cikin aikinsa na fansa (duba wasiƙar Bulus zuwa ga Kolosi, 1:24, da wasiƙar Yahaya ta farko, 3:16), kamar yadda uba zai iya gaya wa ɗansa ya taimaka masa a aikinsa, duk da cewa zai iya yin aikin mafi kyau da inganci da kan sa.

Allah yana so mu shiga cikin aikinsa, ba don larura ba sai don soyayya da son ba mu daraja ta yadda mun fi dabbobi. A ce ana bukatar ayyuka masu kyau don ceto ba wai a raina hadayar Kristi ba ne, amma don amfani da shi. Ta haka, ba bisa ga cancantar mu ne ake kiran mu ba, sayi-nan-ci-gida, kuma ku cika kyawawan ayyuka, amma ta hanyar sanin cewa ta hanyar waɗannan ƙoƙarin ne kuma abin da Almasihu ya lashe mana a kan giciye.